Charles w



C. W. STAFFURD.

Churn.

Ptented Nov. 16, 1858.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES W. STAFFORD, OF BURLINGTON, IOWA.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent No T o all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. STAF- FORD, of Burlington, in the Stateof Iowa, have invented a new and Improved Churn for Making 'Butterg andI do hereby declare that the following is a full and eXact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to theletters of reference marked thereon.

Of these drawings l is a horizontal projection of the body of the churnwith the secondary cover removed and also the eX- terior machinery bywhich the churn is operated. 2 is a vertical section showing the wholemachinery. 3 is a horizontal section through the body of the churn and@L is a general elevation of the whole.

The churn is operated by means of a segmental rack S working into thepinion N and to which a reciprocating motion is given around the pivotlM by means of the lever G. The agitation of the cream is effected bymeans of the parallel arms 1, 2, 3, l and the floats X X X-the latterbeing set ob liquely to the direction of the former and all standingfixed perpendicular to the shaft C. Attached to slides which standvertically along the ends of the arms l, 2, 3, 4L is a zone of tin orother sheet metal Z Z having radial projections 10, 10, on its interiorsurface. This zone is intended to be raised or lowered along the slideso as to accommodate itself to the quantity of cream in the churn-theupper edge being intended to rise to the surface of the cream or alittle higher so that the radial proportions may gather the butter as.it is formed.

The body of the churn may be constructed of wood or metal, I prefer oneof tin on account of lightness, cheapness and the facility of raising orlowering the temperature of the cream. I usually give it the form of aninverted frustum of a cone as represented in 22,093, dated November 16,18-58.

the drawing and attach to one side the receptacle P for either warm orcold water as may be found necessary.

The churn has two covers-a larger one B and a smaller or secondary oneD. The latter is intended to give more convenient and ready access tothe interior of the churn. The former has a groove on the underside toreceive the upper rim of the body of the churn. It has also two slots toallow the passage of the ears E E; after which by being turned to theright or left it is held fast and allows no cream to escape.

I am aware that many of the contrivances above described have in someshape been substantially used for a like purpose before. I do nottherefore claim them separately except as hereinafter stated. But

I do claim as new and desire to secure by Let-ters Patentl. The generalarrangement and adaptation of parts substantially as hereinbefore setforth, by which a cheap, light, convenient and effective churn isproduced.

2. The adjustable zone with the radial proportions for the purposeshereinbefore described.

3. The attachment of the principal cover to the churn with the groovebeneath and the slots and ears by which it is readily removed orreplaced as shown in the specification.

t. The use of a primary and secondary cover contrived and arranged inthe manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.

I make no general claim to any of the contrivances above described; butonly when they are used for the purposes and substantially in the mannerherein set forth.

C. W. STAFFORD.

Witnesses:

WV. S. STAFFORD, JNO. H. GEAR.

